Vapor-burner.



No. 678,329. Patented July I6, I90]. H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER. (Appiication filed 612.27, 1900.

(No Model.)

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MAI-0R BURNER.

(No Model.) (Application filed Oct. 27, 1900.

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SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 678,829, dated July 16, 1901.

Application filed October 27, 1900. Serial No. 34,595. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARPER F. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Vapor-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to vapor-burners; and it consists of a novel construction of a valve and its adjuncts, said valve being located in the supply-pipe and provided with a suitable stem or spindle, whereby the pressure is normally on the pressure side of the spindle, so that when said spindle is closed it acts as a complete seal to the fuel, thereby absolutely preventing its passage beyond the spindlehead, said valve being so constructed that when the spindle is opened and the oil is permitted to pass downwardly no portion thereof rests on or is retarded in its downward passage by coming in contact with the extremity of said spindle or said spindle-head, whereby I am enabled to get the full gravity force of the fluid in the burner, said valve being rigidly clamped to the side of the lantern and the spindle end protruding therethrough and having thereon a suitable nut which draws the body of the valve tightly against the rib on the inside of the lantern, whereby oscillation is prevented and the mantle preserved.

My invention also consists of the novel construction andlocation of a trap or drip-chamher which forms a continuation of the supplypipe leading to the valve, whereby any dirt, water or other objectionable matter is deposited in said trap or drip-chamber, the lower end thereof being so closed as to permit said deposit to be withdrawn from said reservoir without wholly removing the closure therefor, whereby the valve readily cleans itself without making it necessary to empty the reservoir on the outside of the lantern, the threaded spindle end of said valve protruding through the side of the lantern and being capped by a suitable stuffing-box, which, packed, serves to prevent leakage as the spindle becomes worn.

My invention also consists of a novel construction of antivibrator or supporting-post for the conduit leading to the burner and its adjuncts, the same being adjustable either interiorly or exteriorly of the lantern in any position or any height desired, either by clamping it to the bottom of the lantern or fastening to the inside of the same, the head of the vibrator being so constructed that when the supply-pipe is passed therethrough it prevents radiation of heat from the burner, the surface of said supply pipe or conduit resting on several points and said head having a boss and a screw which is adapted to engage said supply-pipe, so that While radiation is prevented it also prevents vibration, said antivibrator having also an adjustable member which is suitably held at the de sired height, whereby the device can be adjusted telescopically to the desired height.

It also consists of a novel construction and arrangement of appliances whereby the packtube leading to the burner is lined according to requirements, said pack-tube being filled with a thin asbestos tube or tubes leading to the generator and having its entire length or end which connects with my novel construction of valve filled with wicking, cotton, or other similar porous material, which acts as an oil-retainer and prevents it from fiushing and also as a cleanser or strainer for the oil where asbestos tubingis used.

It also consists of a novel construction of burner which is provided with an annular trap which surrounds the expansion-chamber proper of the burner, said annular trap having ports which discharge upon the continua tion of the retort or generator which leads to the mixing-chamber and said annular trap being furtherprovided with laterally-projecting hollow superheating-arms which are provided with ports which discharge directly upon the generator, which latter is provided with heat-radiators, which are cast or otherwise secured to the retort and serve to direct and control the flames, said radiators being provided with openings, whereby reignition is efiected when the flame goes out.

It also consists of the novel construction of the annular trap which surrounds the eX- pansion-chamber, said trap having hollow arms projecting therefrom, which are located below the heat-radiators, upon which latter the flame is discharged through ports located therebelow.

It further consists of novel details of construction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a vapor-burner embodying my invention, showing also a portion of a lantern-frame to which the same is applicable. Fig. 2 represents a plan view of the burner, pack-tube, and antivibrator seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a vertical sectional view of the burner, packtube, valve, and its adjuncts. Fig. 4 represents a section on line a; 00, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents a section on line y y, Fig.3. Fig. 6 represents a side elevation of the valve seen in Figs. 1 and 3, shown in detached position. K Fig. 7 represents a side elevation of another embodiment of the principle of my invent-ion, showing the heat-radiators provided with ports above the same. Fig. 8 represents a side elevation of the burner seen in section in Fig. 3, but showing a slightlymodilied form of the heat-radiator seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 9 represents a section on line a 2, Fig. 8.

Similarnumerals of reference indicatecorresponding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a supply-pipe into which the fuel, which may be any of the heavier or lighter petroleum products, is introduced from any suitable source, said pipe leading to the valve 2, which consists of the casing 3, having the inlet-port 4'and the discharge-port 5, the latter being arranged in substantially a parallel plane with that of the said inlet-port, but out of line therewith, said ports being connected by a transverse port, the outer end of the trans verse port connecting said ports being providedwith the valve-seat 6, against which contactsthe head or extremity 7 of the spindle 8. The valve body or casing 3 is provided with the threaded boss or stem 9, through which the spindle 8 passes, said stem being held in proper position by means of the nuts 10 and the packing-nut 11, whereby the body inclosing the spindle 8 can be properly packed. These ports 4 and 5 are inclined or dis-posed angularly with relation to the supply-pipe, and a port 13 affords communication between the port 5 and the passage 14, so that the foreign matter from both the port 5 and passage 14 drain into the separator-chamber. The port 5 discharges at its lower portion into the dripand separator chamber 12,-which latter, it will be noted, is constructed so as to form substantially a continuity of the inlet-pipe 1, attention also being directed to the fact that thedrip-chamber or separator-chamber 12 is set directly below outlets 5 and 13, thereby the port 13, communicates with the pack-tube 15', which discharges into the retort or generator 16 of the burner 17. This port 13, as

will be clearly seen from Fig. 3, is disposed augularly with relation to the discharge-port 5 and to the outlet-passage 14.

The lower portion of the drip-chamber 12 is provided with a thumb-screw 18, which has a coneshaped head 18%, and a hole 19 is drilled horizontally through said screw below said coned head, said hole communicating with outlet-hole 19-}, drilled through the center of said screw, whereby when on releasing cone-shaped head from the seat the contents of the drip-chamber 12 can readily pass out.

The pack-tube 15 is lined on its interior periphery with the asbestos tube 20, and it will be apparent that one or more of these may be employed, if desired. Although in the present instance I have shown but a single tube, yet I may employ additional concentric asbestos tubes, if desired, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The entrance to the pack-tube 20 is filled with Wicking, cotton, or other similar porous material 21, which acts as an oil-retainer and prevents it from flushing and also as a cleaner for the hydrocarbon or other fuel prior to its entrance into the generator.

The oil which reaches the generator 16 is converted into a gas by means of the flames which issue through the ports 23 of the hollow projecting arms 22, said arms communicating with the annular trap or chamber 24, which is located between the outer casing or jacket 25 of the burner and the inner wall 26, which surrounds the expansion-chamber 27, which is formed within the annular wall 26, as will be understood from Figs. 3 and 4.

28 designates a pipe which leads from the retort 16 to the branch 29, which has the outlet-port 31, which is controlled by the needlevalve 30, the gas passing through the port 31 into the mixing-tube 32 and thence into the initial distributing-chamber 33,which is separated from the expansion chamber 27 by means of the distributer 34, which is provided with the arms 35, as will be understood from Figs. 3 and 4.

36 designates ports which discharge from the annular trap 24 and the initial distributing chamber directly upon the conduit or tube 28, whereby it will be apparent that the gas in its passage from the generator 16 through the tube 28 will become highly superheated.

The expansion-chamber 27 is formed by supporting the annular wall 26, to which the di-stributer 34 is attached, upon the shoulder 36%, which latter supports the annular flange or lip 37, attached to said wall 26, whereby the parts when in assembled position appear substantially as seen in Fig. 3.

38 designates acap, of gauze or other suit.-

able material, which is supported upon theannular flange or lip 37, as is evident.

39 designates a device for preventing vibration of the burner or mantle, the same consisting of the base portion 40, which has the threaded stem 41 projecting through the base 42 of the lantern, said stem being held in position by means of the nut 43 or other suitable fastening devices.

44 designates a rod telescoping into the base 40 and having on its upper portion the head 45,which is provided with an opening 46 therethrough of larger diameter than the pack-tube 15, the inner walls of said openings being provided with supports or points 47, which engage suitable portions of the pack-tube 15, while the proper position of the head with respect to said pack-tube is effected by means of the screw 48, as will be clearly understood from Fig. 5. The rod 44 can be adjusted to any desired height and readily held in its adjusted position by means of the thumbsorew 49.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a form of burner 50 which is in all respects substantially the same as the burner seen in Fig. 3, said burner 50 being provided with the hollow apertured arms 22 and the heat-conductors 51, which are similar to the heat-conductors 51 seen in Figs. 1 and 2, said heat-conductors in each instance being provided with the perforations 52, whereby reignition by the flame passing through the perforations 52 and down around the conductors 51 is permitted.

In the construction seen in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 it will be noted that the heat-conductors 51 are provided with the downwardly-turned lips 53, while in the construction seen in Fig. 7 the heat-conductor 51 is provided in addition with the lip 54, against which the flames play through the ports 55, as will be understood from Fig. 7.

In the construction seen in Figs. 8 and 9 I employa burner whose interior construction is similar to that seen in Fig. 3; but, if desired, I may dispense with the hollow arms 22 and incline the heat-conductors 51 seen therein, so that the same assume the position seen at 56, said conductor 56 being constructed substantially as seen in Figs. 8 and 9 and adapted to be impinged upon by the flames issuing through the vertical series of ports 57 and the horizontal series of ports 58, it be ing understood that the generator 16 and the burner proper, 59, and the pipes 28 and 29 (seen in Fig. 8) are all constructed substantially like the burner seen in Fig. 3.

The operation is as follows: The hydrocarbon enters the pipe 1 by gravity and the valve being opened passes into the retort or generator 16, wherein it is volatilized or vaporized by the heat impinging thereupon, and the vapor thus generated passes in an expanded state downwardly through the pipe 28, past the needle-valve 30, to the mixingtube 32, at which point it takes up a large percentage of air and enters the initial distributing-chamber 33, where, as a fixed gas, a portion thereof passes to the annular trap 24, which supplies the vapor to the superheating-tubes 22 and the ports 36, which force and throw the flames against the generator 16, while the major part of the vapor passes through the expansion-chamber 27 and thence to the mantle encircling and above the same. The annular trap 24, which retains, distributes, and forces a certain portion of the gas therein, serves to hold a portion of the fixed gas under pressure and discharges it forcibly from the ports 23 and 36, thereby increasing the intensity and heat penetration thereof. It will thus be seen that the burner is provided with three chambers, the chamber 33 acting as an initial distributing-chamber, while the annular trap 24 acts as a second ary chamber, and the third chamber 27 acts as an expansion-chamber, as has already been explained, the vapor being discharged from said expansion-chamber and ignited.

By the use of the annular trap 24, which retains the gas, it will be apparent that the latter is effectively forced therefrom into the laterally-extending hollow arms 22, provided with the ports 23, and it will be apparent that I can place these arms in any position where they will best and most effectively cause the flames to impinge on the generator 16, and thereby give the greatest amount of heat, or, if desired, ports can also be so located as to discharge the vapor directly from the annular trap, so that it will impinge against the generator directly, as will be apparent from Figs. 7, 8, and 9.

The object of the superheating-ports 36, which are located below the generator, is twofold, it being apparent that the vapor is first superheated after leaving the primary generator or retort 16. Secondly, the ports 36 cause the further expanded vapor to remain in its further developed state on leaving the opening 31.

The vertical and horizontal series of ports 57 and 58 (seen in Figs. 8 and 9) and the vertical series of ports (seen in Fig. 7) cause the vapor to play directly on the generator from the annular trap 24, whereby the heat is applied directly to the generator, and it will be apparent that other means for directing the flames directly upon said generator from the closed annular trap or chamber may be employed.

The curved heat conductors 51 and 56, which direct the flames impinging thereupon against the generator, owing to their position relative to said generator, cause the flames to play directly and with fiercer intensity upon said generator, thereby causing a direct penetration of heat, which could not otherwise be obtained. These conductors can project in a right line from the side of the generator, if desired; but by curving the same in the manner described I am enabled to concentrate and retain the flames upon the center of the generator, and the surface of radiation is increased, as is apparent.

The reignition-ports 52 in the heat-conductors 51 serve a twofold purpose, to wit: First, should the port-flames at any time become extinguished, the escaping vapor confined by the curved ends would force its way through I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isr p 1. The combination of a discharge'pipe, a supply-pipe and a separator-chamber in axial line with the supply-pipe, a valve-casing connecting the same and having inlet and outlet ports and a lateral port connecting the two, said outlet-port discharging into the separator-chamber in axial line with said chamberland a port angularly disposed with relation .to the outlet-port opening into the discharge-pipe, the arrangement of parts being such .thatvthe separator-chamber is below the level of the discharge-pipeJ 2. The combination of a supply-pipe, a valve casing therefor having substantially parallel inlet and outlet ports disposed angularly with relation to the bore of the supplypipe with lateral port joining the same, a port disposed angularly with relation to the outletport, a pipe connected with said port, a separator-chamber into which said outlet-port and .angularly-disposed port drain, a threaded stem projecting from the valve-casing, a valve-spindle passing through the stern, a packing carried by the stem around said spindle and nuts on the said stem to engage with a supporting-frame and hold said casingaand said stem in position, and a valve -spindle passed through said stem and packing.

3. The combination ofa supply-pipe leading to a burner, a device for preventing vibration of said burner consisting of a base suitably supported, a rod adjustably mounted in said base and means for securing the upper portion of said rod to said supply-pipe.

at. The combination with ,a lantern, of a burner, a supply-pipe leading thereto, a supporting device for said supply-pipe, consisting of a base attached to said lantern, a rod adjustable with respect to said base, the upper portion of said rod having an opening therethrough of greater diameter than said supply-pipe and fastening devices common to said rod and supply-pipe, whereby vibration of the latter and of the burner is prevented.

5. The combination of a supply-pipe, a valve-casing therefor having substantially parallel inlet and outlet ports disposed angularly with relation to the bore of the supply-pipe with lateral port joining the same, a port disposed angularly with relation to the outlet-port, a pipe connected with said port, a separator-chamber into which said outlet and angularly-disposed port drain, said casing having a laterally-projecting stem for the passage of a valve-spindle, and means for-securing said stem in place, the supply-pipe and separator-chamber being inaxial alinement and the separator-chamber being below the level of the discharge-pipe.

6. In a burner, agenerator exterior thereto, a mixing-tube into which the gasfrom said generator discharges, an initial distributing-chamber, an annular trap located above said chamber, an expansion-chamber contained within said annular trap and ports discharging from the latter upon said generator.

7. A burnerconsisting of a mixing-tube, an

initial distributing-chamber into which said mixing-tube discharges, an annular trap located above said distributing-chamber, an expansion-chamber contained within said trap, a generator located inproximity to said trap, avpipe leading from said generator and discharging into said mixing-tube, and hollow arms projecting laterally from said annular chamber and provided with ports adapted .to discharge upon said generator.

8. Aburner consisting of a mixing-tube, an initial distributing-chamber into which said mixing-tube discharges, an annular trap located above said distributing-chamber, an expansion-chamber retained Within said trap, a generator located in proximity to said trap, a pipe leading from said generator and discharging into said mixing-tube, and hollow arms projecting from said annular trap and provided with ports adapted to discharge upon said generator, in combination with heat-radiators located'at the sidesof saidgenerator.

9. In a burner, a generator, a mixing-tube into which the gas from said generator discharges, an initial distributing-chamber, an annular trap located abovesaid chamber, an expansion-chamber contained within said annular trap and ports discharging from the latter upon said generator, in combination with heat-radiators located at the sides of said generator and having reignition-ports therethrough. r

10. A burner consisting of a mixing-tube, an initial distributing-chamber into which said mixing-tube discharges, an annular trap located above said distributing-chamber, an

expansion-chamber retained withinsaid trap,-

a generator located in proximity to said trap, a pipe leading from said generator and discharging into said mixing-tube, and hollow arms projecting from said annular trap and provided with ports adapted to discharge upon said generator, in combination with heat-radiators located at the sides of said generator and provided with curved ends and reignition-ports therethrough.

11. The combination of a burner consisting of an outer wall, having anannular flange or lip near the upper portion thereof, an expansion-chamber formed by an annular wall provided with a laterally-extending flange depending from said lip, whereby an annular trap is formed, a distributer located at the lower portion of said expansion-chamber, an initial distributing-chamber located below said distribnter, a generator located in proximity to said trap, a mixing-tube located below said distributing-chamber, a pipe leading from said generator to said mixing-tube and ports discharging from said trap upon said pipe leading from said generator.

12. The combination of a burner provided with a generator, said generator having heatconductors projecting from the sides thereof and having downwardly-turned lips, and hollow arms located below said heat-conductors and on each side of said generator, said arms projecting from said burner and provided with ports adapted to discharge upon said generator.

13. The combination of a burner having a casing provided with an inwardly-projecting shoulder, of an annular wall provided with a lip adapted to be supported on said shoulder leaving a space between said wall and easing which forms an annular trap, a distributer supported on the lower portion of said annular wall above the bottom of the casing, and a mixing-tube penetrating said casing and a vaporizer discharging into said mixing-tube, said casing provided with ports adjacent said vaporizer.

14. The combination with a burner having a casing provided with an inwardly-extending shoulder, of an annular wall having a laterally-extending lip adapted to be supported on said shoulder and forming with said casing an annular trap into which a portion of the vapor is discharged and a distributer supported by said wall above the bottom of the casing and forming an expansion-chamber and initial distributing chamber, and a mi):- ing-tube discharging into the distributingchamber.

15. A vapor-generator, a vapor-pipe leading from said generator and having a vapordischarging outlet, a burner comprising an outer casing, an annular wall held therein and forming with said casing, an annular trap, a mixing-tube discharging into the bottom of said casing, said casing having openings adjacent said vapor-pipe. V

16. The combination of a vapor-generator, a vapor-pipe leading therefrom and having a vapor-outlet, a burner comprising an outer casing, an annular wall held therein and forming with said casing an annular trap, a mixing-tube discharging into the bottom of said casing, and hollow arms leading from said casing and provided with ports adjacent to said generator, said casing also having ports adjacent said vapor-pipe.

17. The combination ofa vapor-generator, a pipe leading therefrom and having a vapordischarge outlet, a burner comprising an outer casing with openings adjacent said pipe, and an annular wall held within said casing and forming, with said casing, an annular trap, a mixing-tube discharging into the bottom of said casing, hollow arms leading from said casing and provided with ports adjacent to said generator, and a distributer supported on the lower portion of said annular wall.

18. In a burner, a vapor-chamber located below the mixing tube, a mixing and distributing chamber above said mixing-tube, a distributer directing and controlling the passage of the gas, arms with ports playing against the main generator and heat-conductors with reignition-ports therein located directly above said arm.

19. In a burner, a casing, a distributerand an annular wall, forming a distributing-cha1nher, an expansion-chamber and an annular trap, a mixing-tube in which the vapor and air commingle from which it is discharged into said distributing-chamber and rebounds into the mixing or distributing chamber Where the gas is further mixed previous to its distribution to the expansion-chamber and the annular trap and its ports.

HARPER F. SMITH.

Witnesses:

E. HAYW'ARD FAIRBANKS, O. D. MCVAY. 

